What is inside your smartphone? Explained

 

We all have mobile phones in our hand, we use it as a tool, for entertainment, studies and many-more. But are you aware about what is making your phones possible of doing its work. It all happens with the components inside and outside your phone. So now lets see about them and why it is important.

 

External parts

 

Screen

This is the main input as well as output part in your device. This uses Capacitive-multi-touch technology to sense your touch. This is where all your home screen, apps , system user interface of your operating system is displayed.

 

 

Chassis

This is the physical external frame that is used to protect the internal parts and to make the back of the phone look stylish

 

Volume and sleep/wake button

The volume button is connected to speaker to adjust volume accordingly.

The power button or sleep wake switch is used to turn off or on the screen

 

Sim card tray

These are small trays in which we put your sim cards and SD cards on, this is connected to the internals for making calls

 

So till now we saw about the uses about the parts that you can see without tearing the phone apart, what about the internal components. Lets check out!

 

Internal parts

 

Battery

This is the source of energy to your phone that powers all the parts with sufficient energy to run the device smoothly. This battery is made of “lithium ion” and is measured with “Milliamp per hour”or “Ma/H”. An average size of a mobile battery is around 3000- 4000 Ma/H.

 

 

Mother board

It is a cyan, green or teal coloured boards that is made of a substance called as Tungsten carbide. the circuits are printed with conductive materials such as copper, components of the mobile are placed and connected together like a hub so that all the parts can integrate (I.e) they all can talk together as one device

 

SOC

This is actually called as the System On a Chip(SOC). this is the most important part of a device. Some might confuse soc with the CPU. This is far more than that. It not only has CPU but also GPU LTE modem, display processor, video processor etc

This is like the brain of the computer. Which produces all the commands to make the system work.

 

Storage and RAM 

RAM stands for Random Access Memory, and is used as a short-term memory storage. For multitasking. Higher the RAM smoother the device

 

And the internal storage is like the long term memory of your phone This is where it stores all the apps that you have installed and the software that is pre-installed.

 

Haptic engine

This is a small motor that rings in a certain frequenzy to create vibration. To say shortly this is none other than vibration motor.

 

Copper coils

This is not a part available in all phones but this is a thick copper coil available in back of your phone, which conducts electricity. This makes the phone capable of wireless charging

 

Camera

We Have seen about what are the types of our camera, but did you know what makes the camera take photos? There are 3 main parts inside each camera that helps this. That is Video processor, Lens and the sensor

 

Lens deals with the wideness(Aperture) and resolution of the image that you take.

 

The sensors on the other hand deals with the colour profile of the image and the light that needs to enters inside the image.

 

 And the video processor takes these information and converts this into useful data and flashes it onto your screen, as this happens in a split second, you don’t find any delay.

 

 A few also come with an additional stabilizers inside the lens which prevents the video or photo being shaky while running or when you are in motion.

 

Speakers

This is a part that provides sound to the video or audio. There are two types of speakers in a phone the ear piece speaker which is placed in the top mainly for calls and the bottom grill main speaker which you can see along side the charging port which is used for media consumption

 

Mic

This is a small microphone available in the bottom of your phone near the bottom speakers. This is used to receive your voice and send it to the other side when you are in a phone call.and It is also used in sending voice messages.

 

Charging port

It is usually available at the bottom centre of a phone. That charges the battery when it runs out of it and it is also used to data transferring from one device to other. There are mainly 3 types of ports used for this purpose namely,

 

Micro USB:

This is actually found in old devices or budget phones. Preferred as it is more fragile and not very fast, so as fast charging came along this couldn’t support it

 

USB type C:

This is the alternative of the micro USB, this could support faster data transfer and it can support fast charging. This cable is reversible that means you can put it either way as it is oval shaped.

 

Lightning:

This is a proprietary port which is reserved only for apple iPhones.

 

Modem

This is the LTE/4G modem that helps in receiving and transmitting signal from one place to another. This is used for getting internet, attending calls etc.. Newer devices are replacing LTE modem with 5G modem

 

Sensors

There are nearly 14 sensors that produce data on motion, location and  environment around us. This is made possible with the help of MEMS technology or Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems. There are a few most used sensors in a Smartphone which are as follows

 

 

1. Accelerometer: This is u
sed detect the orientation of the device to change it from portrait to landscape.

 

2. Gyroscope: It works with the above Accelerometer to detect the rotation of your phone, for features like tilting phone to play racing games, and other places where slight tilt is required

 

3. Digital Compass: Helps the phone to find the direction, for map/navigation purposes. Used by apps like Google maps.

 

4. Ambient Light Sensor: This sensor is automatically able to set the screen brightness based on the surrounding light, and helps conserve battery life and reduce eye strain 

 

5. Proximity Sensor: During a call, if the device is brought near your ears, it automatically locks the screen to prevent unwanted touch commands. This sensor is usually near the selfie camera to match the ear placement during calls.

 if you want to see this whole article in video form then click here

 

 

This is my list of the main smartphone parts. Please leave a comment on it

Thank you